February often brings a deceptive transition to the UK’s roads. While the deepest snow of mid-winter may have passed, this month introduces two of the most hazardous conditions for learner drivers: black ice and the piercing glare of the low winter sun.
For those preparing for their practical test, mastering these “hidden hazards” is not just about safety—it is a vital part of demonstrating the “all-weather” competence required by the DVSA.
The Invisible Threat: Black Ice
Black ice is not actually black; it is a transparent coating of ice on the road surface. Because it is see-through, it allows the black tarmac to show through, making the road look merely wet or even dry.
How to Spot It
According to Department for Transport (DfT) data, “slippery road” conditions contribute to thousands of accidents annually. You should suspect black ice if:
- The road looks shiny or “wet,” but there is no spray coming off the tyres of the car in front.
- The steering suddenly feels light or “disconnected.”
- There is a sudden absence of road noise (a “hushed” sound).
How to React
Rule 231 of the Highway Code is clear: if the steering goes light, ease off the accelerator and should the car begin to skid, steer into it.
- Avoid Sharp Inputs: Do not brake hard or swerve. Sudden movements will break what little traction you have left.
- Ease Off: Gently lift your foot off the accelerator.
- Use Engine Braking: If you are in a manual car, shifting to a lower gear can help slow the vehicle more safely than the footbrake, provided you do so smoothly.
- Steer Into the Skid: If the back of the car veers right, gently steer right. This helps realign the wheels with the direction of travel.
The Dazzle Factor: Low Winter Sun
While we welcome the sun in February, its lower position in the sky creates a severe hazard known as “sun dazzle.” This occurs when the sun sits just above the horizon, striking the windscreen at an angle that can render a driver temporarily blind.
The Statistics
Recent road casualty reports suggest that “dazzle by sun” is a factor in nearly 3,000 accidents per year in the UK. For a learner, this can lead to missed road signs, obscured traffic lights, or failing to see a pedestrian at a crossing.
How to Manage the Glare
- The Windscreen Rule: A dirty windscreen worsens glare significantly. Dirt and salt spray from UK gritting lorries create a film that scatters light. Ensure your screen wash is topped up and your wipers are in good condition.
- The “Visor and Shades” Combo: Use your sun visor, but be aware it can block your view of overhead traffic lights. Invest in a pair of high-quality polarised sunglasses, which are specifically designed to reduce horizontal glare from wet road surfaces.
- Increase Following Distance: If you are struggling to see, so is the person behind you. Increase your gap to the vehicle in front to at least four seconds (doubling the standard two-second rule).
The Legal Side: Staying Roadworthy
Beyond driving technique, winter brings specific legal responsibilities under the Road Traffic Act.
- Clear All Windows: It is a legal requirement to have a full view of the road. Failing to clear ice or condensation from all windows before setting off can result in a £60 fine and three points on your licence (and an immediate fail on a driving test).
- Lights: Even in bright sunlight, if the “light is degraded” by winter mist or heavy spray, use your dipped headlights. This isn’t just for you to see; it’s so others can see you.
- Tyre Health: In the UK, the legal minimum tread depth is 1.6mm. However, safety experts recommend at least 3mm for winter driving to ensure the tyres can effectively clear water and slush.
Expert Summary for Learners
Learning to drive in the winter months is often more challenging, but it produces more resilient drivers. By staying alert to the temperature (ice forms most commonly on bridges and under tree canopies) and keeping your windscreen pristine, you can navigate the February hazards with confidence.
Remember: If the conditions are truly treacherous, there is no shame in rescheduling a lesson. A good instructor will always prioritise safety over a 60-minute session.
